DECLARE @objectID INT = OBJECT_ID('Sales.SalesOrderHeader');
 
WITH indexCTE(partition_scheme_name
            , partition_function_name
            , data_space_id)
AS (
    SELECT sps.name
        , spf.name
        , sps.data_space_id
    FROM sys.partition_schemes AS sps
    Join sys.partition_functions AS spf
        ON sps.function_id = spf.function_id
)
 
SELECT st.name AS 'table_name'
    , IsNull(ix.name, '') AS 'index_name'
    , ix.OBJECT_ID
    , ix.index_id
	, CAST(
        CASE WHEN ix.index_id = 1 
                THEN 'clustered' 
            WHEN ix.index_id =0
                THEN 'heap'
            ELSE 'nonclustered' END
		+ CASE WHEN ix.ignore_dup_key <> 0 
            THEN ', ignore duplicate keys' 
                ELSE '' END
		+ CASE WHEN ix.is_unique <> 0 
            THEN ', unique' 
                ELSE '' END
		+ CASE WHEN ix.is_primary_key <> 0 
            THEN ', primary key' ELSE '' END AS VARCHAR(210)
        ) AS 'index_description'
    , IsNull(REPLACE( REPLACE( REPLACE(
        (   
            SELECT c.name AS 'columnName'
            FROM sys.index_columns AS sic
            Join sys.columns AS c 
                ON c.column_id = sic.column_id 
                And c.OBJECT_ID = sic.OBJECT_ID
            WHERE sic.OBJECT_ID = ix.OBJECT_ID
                And sic.index_id = ix.index_id
                And is_included_column = 0
            ORDER BY sic.index_column_id
            FOR XML Raw)
            , '"/><row columnName="', ', ')
            , '<row columnName="', '')
            , '"/>', ''), '')
        AS 'indexed_columns'
    , IsNull(REPLACE( REPLACE( REPLACE(
        (   
            SELECT c.name AS 'columnName'
            FROM sys.index_columns AS sic
            Join sys.columns AS c 
                ON c.column_id = sic.column_id 
                And c.OBJECT_ID = sic.OBJECT_ID
            WHERE sic.OBJECT_ID = ix.OBJECT_ID
                And sic.index_id = ix.index_id
                And is_included_column = 1
            ORDER BY sic.index_column_id
            FOR XML Raw)
            , '"/><row columnName="', ', ')
            , '<row columnName="', '')
            , '"/>', ''), '')
        AS 'included_columns'
    , ix.filter_definition
    , IsNull(cte.partition_scheme_name, '') AS 'partition_scheme_name'
    , COUNT(partition_number) AS 'partition_count'
    , SUM(ROWS) AS 'row_count'
FROM sys.indexes AS ix
Join sys.partitions AS sp
    ON ix.OBJECT_ID = sp.OBJECT_ID
    And ix.index_id = sp.index_id
Join sys.tables AS st
    ON ix.OBJECT_ID = st.OBJECT_ID
LEFT Join indexCTE AS cte
    ON ix.data_space_id = cte.data_space_id
WHERE ix.OBJECT_ID = IsNull(@objectID, ix.OBJECT_ID)
GROUP BY st.name
    , IsNull(ix.name, '')
    , ix.OBJECT_ID
    , ix.index_id
	, CAST(
        CASE WHEN ix.index_id = 1 
                THEN 'clustered' 
            WHEN ix.index_id =0
                THEN 'heap'
            ELSE 'nonclustered' END
		+ CASE WHEN ix.ignore_dup_key <> 0 
            THEN ', ignore duplicate keys' 
                ELSE '' END
		+ CASE WHEN ix.is_unique <> 0 
            THEN ', unique' 
                ELSE '' END
		+ CASE WHEN ix.is_primary_key <> 0 
            THEN ', primary key' ELSE '' END AS VARCHAR(210)
        )
    , ix.filter_definition
    , IsNull(cte.partition_scheme_name, '')
    , IsNull(cte.partition_function_name, '')
ORDER BY table_name
    , index_id;

CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_Sales_SalesOrderHeader_filtered_2005
    ON Sales.SalesOrderHeader(AccountNumber)
    Include (CustomerID, SalesPersonID)
    WHERE OrderDate >= '2005-01-01'
        And OrderDate < '2006-01-01';

table_name           index_name                               object_id   index_id    index_description                   indexed_columns      included_columns               filter_definition                                            partition_scheme_name partition_count row_count
-------------------- ---------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------- --------------- --------------------
SalesOrderHeader     PK_SalesOrderHeader_SalesOrderID         1010102639  1           clustered, unique, primary key      SalesOrderID                                        NULL                                                                               1               31465
SalesOrderHeader     AK_SalesOrderHeader_rowguid              1010102639  2           nonclustered, unique                rowguid                                             NULL                                                                               1               31465
SalesOrderHeader     AK_SalesOrderHeader_SalesOrderNumber     1010102639  3           nonclustered, unique                SalesOrderNumber                                    NULL                                                                               1               31465
SalesOrderHeader     IX_SalesOrderHeader_CustomerID           1010102639  5           nonclustered                        CustomerID                                          NULL                                                                               1               31465
SalesOrderHeader     IX_SalesOrderHeader_SalesPersonID        1010102639  6           nonclustered                        SalesPersonID                                       NULL                                                                               1               31465
SalesOrderHeader     IX_Sales_SalesOrderHeader_filtered_2005  1010102639  13          nonclustered                        AccountNumber        CustomerID, SalesPersonID      ([OrderDate]>='2005-01-01' AND [OrderDate]<'2006-01-01')                           1               1379

/* Scroll down to the see notes, disclaimers, and licensing information */
 
DECLARE @indexDefragLog_rename      VARCHAR(128)
    , @indexDefragExclusion_rename  VARCHAR(128)
    , @indexDefragStatus_rename     VARCHAR(128);
 
SELECT @indexDefragLog_rename       = 'dba_indexDefragLog_obsolete_' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), GETDATE(), 112)
    , @indexDefragExclusion_rename  = 'dba_indexDefragExclusion_obsolete_' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), GETDATE(), 112)
    , @indexDefragStatus_rename     = 'dba_indexDefragStatus_obsolete_' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), GETDATE(), 112);
 
IF Exists(SELECT [OBJECT_ID] FROM sys.tables WHERE [name] = 'dba_indexDefragLog')
    EXECUTE SP_RENAME dba_indexDefragLog, @indexDefragLog_rename;
 
IF Exists(SELECT [OBJECT_ID] FROM sys.tables WHERE [name] = 'dba_indexDefragExclusion')
    EXECUTE SP_RENAME dba_indexDefragExclusion, @indexDefragExclusion_rename;
 
IF Exists(SELECT [OBJECT_ID] FROM sys.tables WHERE [name] = 'dba_indexDefragStatus')
    EXECUTE SP_RENAME dba_indexDefragStatus, @indexDefragStatus_rename;
Go
 
CREATE TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
(
      indexDefrag_id    INT IDENTITY(1,1)   Not Null
    , databaseID        INT                 Not Null
    , databaseName      NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
    , objectID          INT                 Not Null
    , objectName        NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
    , indexID           INT                 Not Null
    , indexName         NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
    , partitionNumber   SMALLINT            Not Null
    , fragmentation     FLOAT               Not Null
    , page_count        INT                 Not Null
    , dateTimeStart     DATETIME            Not Null
    , dateTimeEnd       DATETIME            Null
    , durationSeconds   INT                 Null
    , sqlStatement      VARCHAR(4000)       Null
    , errorMessage      VARCHAR(1000)       Null
 
    CONSTRAINT PK_indexDefragLog_v40
        PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (indexDefrag_id)
);
 
PRINT 'dba_indexDefragLog Table Created';
 
CREATE TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragExclusion
(
      databaseID        INT                 Not Null
    , databaseName      NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
    , objectID          INT                 Not Null
    , objectName        NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
    , indexID           INT                 Not Null
    , indexName         NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
    , exclusionMask     INT                 Not Null
        /* 1=Sunday, 2=Monday, 4=Tuesday, 8=Wednesday, 16=Thursday, 32=Friday, 64=Saturday */
 
    CONSTRAINT PK_indexDefragExclusion_v40
        PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (databaseID, objectID, indexID)
);
 
PRINT 'dba_indexDefragExclusion Table Created';
 
CREATE TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
(
      databaseID        INT
    , databaseName      NVARCHAR(128)
    , objectID          INT
    , indexID           INT
    , partitionNumber   SMALLINT
    , fragmentation     FLOAT
    , page_count        INT
    , range_scan_count  BIGINT
    , schemaName        NVARCHAR(128)   Null
    , objectName        NVARCHAR(128)   Null
    , indexName         NVARCHAR(128)   Null
    , scanDate          DATETIME        
    , defragDate        DATETIME        Null
    , printStatus       BIT             DEFAULT(0)
    , exclusionMask     INT             DEFAULT(0)
 
    CONSTRAINT PK_indexDefragStatus_v40
        PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(databaseID, objectID, indexID, partitionNumber)
);
 
PRINT 'dba_indexDefragStatus Table Created';
 
IF OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp'), N'IsProcedure') = 1
BEGIN
    DROP PROCEDURE dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp;
    PRINT 'Procedure dba_indexDefrag_sp dropped';
END;
Go
 
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
 
    /* Declare Parameters */
      @minFragmentation     FLOAT           = 10.0  
        /* in percent, will not defrag if fragmentation less than specified */
    , @rebuildThreshold     FLOAT           = 30.0  
        /* in percent, greater than @rebuildThreshold will result in rebuild instead of reorg */
    , @executeSQL           BIT             = 1     
        /* 1 = execute; 0 = print command only */
    , @defragOrderColumn    NVARCHAR(20)    = 'range_scan_count'
        /* Valid options are: range_scan_count, fragmentation, page_count */
    , @defragSortOrder      NVARCHAR(4)     = 'DESC'
        /* Valid options are: ASC, DESC */
    , @timeLimit            INT             = 720 /* defaulted to 12 hours */
        /* Optional time limitation; expressed in minutes */
    , @DATABASE             VARCHAR(128)    = Null
        /* Option to specify a database name; null will return all */
    , @tableName            VARCHAR(4000)   = Null  -- databaseName.schema.tableName
        /* Option to specify a table name; null will return all */
    , @forceRescan          BIT             = 0
        /* Whether or not to force a rescan of indexes; 1 = force, 0 = use existing scan, if available */
    , @scanMode             VARCHAR(10)     = N'LIMITED'
        /* Options are LIMITED, SAMPLED, and DETAILED */
    , @minPageCount         INT             = 8 
        /*  MS recommends > 1 extent (8 pages) */
    , @maxPageCount         INT             = Null
        /* NULL = no limit */
    , @excludeMaxPartition  BIT             = 0
        /* 1 = exclude right-most populated partition; 0 = do not exclude; see notes for caveats */
    , @onlineRebuild        BIT             = 1     
        /* 1 = online rebuild; 0 = offline rebuild; only in Enterprise */
    , @sortInTempDB         BIT             = 1
        /* 1 = perform sort operation in TempDB; 0 = perform sort operation in the index's database */
    , @maxDopRestriction    TINYINT         = Null
        /* Option to restrict the number of processors for the operation; only in Enterprise */
    , @printCommands        BIT             = 0     
        /* 1 = print commands; 0 = do not print commands */
    , @printFragmentation   BIT             = 0
        /* 1 = print fragmentation prior to defrag; 
           0 = do not print */
    , @defragDelay          CHAR(8)         = '00:00:05'
        /* time to wait between defrag commands */
    , @debugMode            BIT             = 0
        /* display some useful comments to help determine if/where issues occur */
 
AS
/*********************************************************************************
    Name:       dba_indexDefrag_sp
 
    Author:     Michelle Ufford, http://sqlfool.com
 
    Purpose:    Defrags one or more indexes for one or more databases
 
    Notes:
 
    CAUTION: TRANSACTION LOG SIZE SHOULD BE MONITORED CLOSELY WHEN DEFRAGMENTING.
             DO NOT RUN UNATTENDED ON LARGE DATABASES DURING BUSINESS HOURS.
 
      @minFragmentation     defaulted to 10%, will not defrag if fragmentation 
                            is less than that
 
      @rebuildThreshold     defaulted to 30% as recommended by Microsoft in BOL;
                            greater than 30% will result in rebuild instead
 
      @executeSQL           1 = execute the SQL generated by this proc; 
                            0 = print command only
 
      @defragOrderColumn    Defines how to prioritize the order of defrags.  Only
                            used if @executeSQL = 1.  
                            Valid options are: 
                            range_scan_count = count of range and table scans on the
                                               index; in general, this is what benefits 
                                               the most from defragmentation
                            fragmentation    = amount of fragmentation in the index;
                                               the higher the number, the worse it is
                            page_count       = number of pages in the index; affects
                                               how long it takes to defrag an index
 
      @defragSortOrder      The sort order of the ORDER BY clause.
                            Valid options are ASC (ascending) or DESC (descending).
 
      @timeLimit            Optional, limits how much time can be spent performing 
                            index defrags; expressed in minutes.
 
                            NOTE: The time limit is checked BEFORE an index defrag
                                  is begun, thus a long index defrag can exceed the
                                  time limitation.
 
      @database             Optional, specify specific database name to defrag;
                            If not specified, all non-system databases will
                            be defragged.
 
      @tableName            Specify if you only want to defrag indexes for a 
                            specific table, format = databaseName.schema.tableName;
                            if not specified, all tables will be defragged.
 
      @forceRescan          Whether or not to force a rescan of indexes.  If set
                            to 0, a rescan will not occur until all indexes have
                            been defragged.  This can span multiple executions.
                            1 = force a rescan
                            0 = use previous scan, if there are indexes left to defrag
 
      @scanMode             Specifies which scan mode to use to determine
                            fragmentation levels.  Options are:
                            LIMITED - scans the parent level; quickest mode,
                                      recommended for most cases.
                            SAMPLED - samples 1% of all data pages; if less than
                                      10k pages, performs a DETAILED scan.
                            DETAILED - scans all data pages.  Use great care with
                                       this mode, as it can cause performance issues.
 
      @minPageCount         Specifies how many pages must exist in an index in order 
                            to be considered for a defrag.  Defaulted to 8 pages, as 
                            Microsoft recommends only defragging indexes with more 
                            than 1 extent (8 pages).  
 
                            NOTE: The @minPageCount will restrict the indexes that
                            are stored in dba_indexDefragStatus table.
 
      @maxPageCount         Specifies the maximum number of pages that can exist in 
                            an index and still be considered for a defrag.  Useful
                            for scheduling small indexes during business hours and
                            large indexes for non-business hours.
 
                            NOTE: The @maxPageCount will restrict the indexes that
                            are defragged during the current operation; it will not
                            prevent indexes from being stored in the 
                            dba_indexDefragStatus table.  This way, a single scan
                            can support multiple page count thresholds.
 
      @excludeMaxPartition  If an index is partitioned, this option specifies whether
                            to exclude the right-most populated partition.  Typically,
                            this is the partition that is currently being written to in
                            a sliding-window scenario.  Enabling this feature may reduce
                            contention.  This may not be applicable in other types of 
                            partitioning scenarios.  Non-partitioned indexes are 
                            unaffected by this option.
                            1 = exclude right-most populated partition
                            0 = do not exclude
 
      @onlineRebuild        1 = online rebuild; 
                            0 = offline rebuild
 
      @sortInTempDB         Specifies whether to defrag the index in TEMPDB or in the
                            database the index belongs to.  Enabling this option may
                            result in faster defrags and prevent database file size 
                            inflation.
                            1 = perform sort operation in TempDB
                            0 = perform sort operation in the index's database 
 
      @maxDopRestriction    Option to specify a processor limit for index rebuilds
 
      @printCommands        1 = print commands to screen; 
                            0 = do not print commands
 
      @printFragmentation   1 = print fragmentation to screen;
                            0 = do not print fragmentation
 
      @defragDelay          Time to wait between defrag commands; gives the
                            server a little time to catch up 
 
      @debugMode            1 = display debug comments; helps with troubleshooting
                            0 = do not display debug comments
 
    Called by:  SQL Agent Job or DBA
 
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    DISCLAIMER: 
    This code and information are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind,
    either expressed or implied, including but not limited to the implied 
    warranties or merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    LICENSE: 
    This index defrag script is free to download and use for personal, educational, 
    and internal corporate purposes, provided that this header is preserved. 
    Redistribution or sale of this index defrag script, in whole or in part, is 
    prohibited without the author's express written consent.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Date        Initials	Version Description
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2007-12-18  MFU         1.0     Initial Release
    2008-10-17  MFU         1.1     Added @defragDelay, CIX_temp_indexDefragList
    2008-11-17  MFU         1.2     Added page_count to log table
                                    , added @printFragmentation option
    2009-03-17  MFU         2.0     Provided support for centralized execution
                                    , consolidated Enterprise & Standard versions
                                    , added @debugMode, @maxDopRestriction
                                    , modified LOB and partition logic  
    2009-06-18  MFU         3.0     Fixed bug in LOB logic, added @scanMode option
                                    , added support for stat rebuilds (@rebuildStats)
                                    , support model and msdb defrag
                                    , added columns to the dba_indexDefragLog table
                                    , modified logging to show "in progress" defrags
                                    , added defrag exclusion list (scheduling)
    2009-08-28  MFU         3.1     Fixed read_only bug for database lists
    2010-04-20  MFU         4.0     Added time limit option
                                    , added static table with rescan logic
                                    , added parameters for page count & SORT_IN_TEMPDB
                                    , added try/catch logic and additional debug options
                                    , added options for defrag prioritization
                                    , fixed bug for indexes with allow_page_lock = off
                                    , added option to exclude right-most partition
                                    , removed @rebuildStats option
                                    , refer to http://sqlfool.com for full release notes
*********************************************************************************
    Example of how to call this script:
 
        Exec dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
              @executeSQL           = 1
            , @printCommands        = 1
            , @debugMode            = 1
            , @printFragmentation   = 1
            , @forceRescan          = 1
            , @maxDopRestriction    = 1
            , @minPageCount         = 8
            , @maxPageCount         = Null
            , @minFragmentation     = 1
            , @rebuildThreshold     = 30
            , @defragDelay          = '00:00:05'
            , @defragOrderColumn    = 'page_count'
            , @defragSortOrder      = 'DESC'
            , @excludeMaxPartition  = 1
            , @timeLimit            = Null;
*********************************************************************************/																
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET XACT_Abort ON;
SET Quoted_Identifier ON;
 
BEGIN
 
    BEGIN Try
 
        /* Just a little validation... */
        IF @minFragmentation IS Null 
            Or @minFragmentation Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
                SET @minFragmentation = 10.0;
 
        IF @rebuildThreshold IS Null
            Or @rebuildThreshold Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
                SET @rebuildThreshold = 30.0;
 
        IF @defragDelay Not Like '00:[0-5][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]'
            SET @defragDelay = '00:00:05';
 
        IF @defragOrderColumn IS Null
            Or @defragOrderColumn Not In ('range_scan_count', 'fragmentation', 'page_count')
                SET @defragOrderColumn = 'range_scan_count';
 
        IF @defragSortOrder IS Null
            Or @defragSortOrder Not In ('ASC', 'DESC')
                SET @defragSortOrder = 'DESC';
 
        IF @scanMode Not In ('LIMITED', 'SAMPLED', 'DETAILED')
            SET @scanMode = 'LIMITED';
 
        IF @debugMode IS Null
            SET @debugMode = 0;
 
        IF @forceRescan IS Null
            SET @forceRescan = 0;
 
        IF @sortInTempDB IS Null
            SET @sortInTempDB = 1;
 
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Undusting the cogs and starting up...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Declare our variables */
        DECLARE   @objectID                 INT
                , @databaseID               INT
                , @databaseName             NVARCHAR(128)
                , @indexID                  INT
                , @partitionCount           BIGINT
                , @schemaName               NVARCHAR(128)
                , @objectName               NVARCHAR(128)
                , @indexName                NVARCHAR(128)
                , @partitionNumber          SMALLINT
                , @fragmentation            FLOAT
                , @pageCount                INT
                , @sqlCommand               NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @rebuildCommand           NVARCHAR(200)
                , @dateTimeStart            DATETIME
                , @dateTimeEnd              DATETIME
                , @containsLOB              BIT
                , @editionCheck             BIT
                , @debugMessage             NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @updateSQL                NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @partitionSQL             NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @partitionSQL_Param       NVARCHAR(1000)
                , @LOB_SQL                  NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @LOB_SQL_Param            NVARCHAR(1000)
                , @indexDefrag_id           INT
                , @startDateTime            DATETIME
                , @endDateTime              DATETIME
                , @getIndexSQL              NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @getIndexSQL_Param        NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @allowPageLockSQL         NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @allowPageLockSQL_Param   NVARCHAR(4000)
                , @allowPageLocks           INT
                , @excludeMaxPartitionSQL   NVARCHAR(4000);
 
        /* Initialize our variables */
        SELECT @startDateTime = GETDATE()
            , @endDateTime = DATEADD(MINUTE, @timeLimit, GETDATE());
 
        /* Create our temporary tables */
        CREATE TABLE #databaseList
        (
              databaseID        INT
            , databaseName      VARCHAR(128)
            , scanStatus        BIT
        );
 
        CREATE TABLE #processor 
        (
              [INDEX]           INT
            , Name              VARCHAR(128)
            , Internal_Value    INT
            , Character_Value   INT
        );
 
        CREATE TABLE #maxPartitionList
        (
              databaseID        INT
            , objectID          INT
            , indexID           INT
            , maxPartition      INT
        );
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Beginning validation...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Make sure we're not exceeding the number of processors we have available */
        INSERT INTO #processor
        EXECUTE XP_MSVER 'ProcessorCount';
 
        IF @maxDopRestriction IS Not Null And @maxDopRestriction > (SELECT Internal_Value FROM #processor)
            SELECT @maxDopRestriction = Internal_Value
            FROM #processor;
 
        /* Check our server version; 1804890536 = Enterprise, 610778273 = Enterprise Evaluation, -2117995310 = Developer */
        IF (SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('EditionID')) In (1804890536, 610778273, -2117995310) 
            SET @editionCheck = 1 -- supports online rebuilds
        ELSE
            SET @editionCheck = 0; -- does not support online rebuilds
 
        /* Output the parameters we're working with */
        IF @debugMode = 1 
        BEGIN
 
            SELECT @debugMessage = 'Your selected parameters are... 
            Defrag indexes with fragmentation greater than ' + CAST(@minFragmentation AS VARCHAR(10)) + ';
            Rebuild indexes with fragmentation greater than ' + CAST(@rebuildThreshold AS VARCHAR(10)) + ';
            You' + CASE WHEN @executeSQL = 1 THEN ' DO' ELSE ' DO NOT' END + ' want the commands to be executed automatically; 
            You want to defrag indexes in ' + @defragSortOrder + ' order of the ' + UPPER(@defragOrderColumn) + ' value;
            You have' + CASE WHEN @timeLimit IS Null THEN ' not specified a time limit;' ELSE ' specified a time limit of ' 
                + CAST(@timeLimit AS VARCHAR(10)) END + ' minutes;
            ' + CASE WHEN @DATABASE IS Null THEN 'ALL databases' ELSE 'The ' + @DATABASE + ' database' END + ' will be defragged;
            ' + CASE WHEN @tableName IS Null THEN 'ALL tables' ELSE 'The ' + @tableName + ' table' END + ' will be defragged;
            We' + CASE WHEN Exists(SELECT TOP 1 * FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus WHERE defragDate IS Null)
                And @forceRescan <> 1 THEN ' WILL NOT' ELSE ' WILL' END + ' be rescanning indexes;
            The scan will be performed in ' + @scanMode + ' mode;
            You want to limit defrags to indexes with' + CASE WHEN @maxPageCount IS Null THEN ' more than ' 
                + CAST(@minPageCount AS VARCHAR(10)) ELSE
                ' between ' + CAST(@minPageCount AS VARCHAR(10))
                + ' and ' + CAST(@maxPageCount AS VARCHAR(10)) END + ' pages;
            Indexes will be defragged' + CASE WHEN @editionCheck = 0 Or @onlineRebuild = 0 THEN ' OFFLINE;' ELSE ' ONLINE;' END + '
            Indexes will be sorted in' + CASE WHEN @sortInTempDB = 0 THEN ' the DATABASE' ELSE ' TEMPDB;' END + '
            Defrag operations will utilize ' + CASE WHEN @editionCheck = 0 Or @maxDopRestriction IS Null 
                THEN 'system defaults for processors;' 
                ELSE CAST(@maxDopRestriction AS VARCHAR(2)) + ' processors;' END + '
            You' + CASE WHEN @printCommands = 1 THEN ' DO' ELSE ' DO NOT' END + ' want to print the ALTER INDEX commands; 
            You' + CASE WHEN @printFragmentation = 1 THEN ' DO' ELSE ' DO NOT' END + ' want to output fragmentation levels; 
            You want to wait ' + @defragDelay + ' (hh:mm:ss) between defragging indexes;
            You want to run in' + CASE WHEN @debugMode = 1 THEN ' DEBUG' ELSE ' SILENT' END + ' mode.';
 
            RAISERROR(@debugMessage, 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        END;
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Grabbing a list of our databases...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Retrieve the list of databases to investigate */
        INSERT INTO #databaseList
        SELECT database_id
            , name
            , 0 -- not scanned yet for fragmentation
        FROM sys.databases
        WHERE name = IsNull(@DATABASE, name)
            And [name] Not In ('master', 'tempdb')-- exclude system databases
            And [STATE] = 0 -- state must be ONLINE
            And is_read_only = 0;  -- cannot be read_only
 
        /* Check to see if we have indexes in need of defrag; otherwise, re-scan the database(s) */
        IF Not Exists(SELECT TOP 1 * FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus WHERE defragDate IS Null)
            Or @forceRescan = 1
        BEGIN
 
            /* Truncate our list of indexes to prepare for a new scan */
            TRUNCATE TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus;
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Looping through our list of databases and checking for fragmentation...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Loop through our list of databases */
            WHILE (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #databaseList WHERE scanStatus = 0) > 0
            BEGIN
 
                SELECT TOP 1 @databaseID = databaseID
                FROM #databaseList
                WHERE scanStatus = 0;
 
                SELECT @debugMessage = '  working on ' + DB_NAME(@databaseID) + '...';
 
                IF @debugMode = 1
                    RAISERROR(@debugMessage, 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
               /* Determine which indexes to defrag using our user-defined parameters */
                INSERT INTO dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
                (
                      databaseID
                    , databaseName
                    , objectID
                    , indexID
                    , partitionNumber
                    , fragmentation
                    , page_count
                    , range_scan_count
                    , scanDate
                )
                SELECT
                      ps.database_id AS 'databaseID'
                    , QUOTENAME(DB_NAME(ps.database_id)) AS 'databaseName'
                    , ps.OBJECT_ID AS 'objectID'
                    , ps.index_id AS 'indexID'
                    , ps.partition_number AS 'partitionNumber'
                    , SUM(ps.avg_fragmentation_in_percent) AS 'fragmentation'
                    , SUM(ps.page_count) AS 'page_count'
                    , os.range_scan_count
                    , GETDATE() AS 'scanDate'
                FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(@databaseID, OBJECT_ID(@tableName), Null , Null, @scanMode) AS ps
                Join sys.dm_db_index_operational_stats(@databaseID, OBJECT_ID(@tableName), Null , Null) AS os
                    ON ps.database_id = os.database_id
                    And ps.OBJECT_ID = os.OBJECT_ID
                    and ps.index_id = os.index_id
                    And ps.partition_number = os.partition_number
                WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= @minFragmentation 
                    And ps.index_id > 0 -- ignore heaps
                    And ps.page_count > @minPageCount 
                    And ps.index_level = 0 -- leaf-level nodes only, supports @scanMode
                GROUP BY ps.database_id 
                    , QUOTENAME(DB_NAME(ps.database_id)) 
                    , ps.OBJECT_ID 
                    , ps.index_id 
                    , ps.partition_number 
                    , os.range_scan_count
                OPTION (MaxDop 2);
 
                /* Do we want to exclude right-most populated partition of our partitioned indexes? */
                IF @excludeMaxPartition = 1
                BEGIN
 
                    SET @excludeMaxPartitionSQL = '
                        Select ' + CAST(@databaseID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' As [databaseID]
                            , [object_id]
                            , index_id
                            , Max(partition_number) As [maxPartition]
                        From ' + DB_NAME(@databaseID) + '.sys.partitions
                        Where partition_number > 1
                            And [rows] > 0
                        Group By object_id
                            , index_id;';
 
                    INSERT INTO #maxPartitionList
                    EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @excludeMaxPartitionSQL;
 
                END;
 
                /* Keep track of which databases have already been scanned */
                UPDATE #databaseList
                SET scanStatus = 1
                WHERE databaseID = @databaseID;
 
            END
 
            /* We don't want to defrag the right-most populated partition, so
               delete any records for partitioned indexes where partition = Max(partition) */
            IF @excludeMaxPartition = 1
            BEGIN
 
                DELETE ids
                FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus AS ids
                Join #maxPartitionList AS mpl
                    ON ids.databaseID = mpl.databaseID
                    And ids.objectID = mpl.objectID
                    And ids.indexID = mpl.indexID
                    And ids.partitionNumber = mpl.maxPartition;
 
            END;
 
            /* Update our exclusion mask for any index that has a restriction on the days it can be defragged */
            UPDATE ids
            SET ids.exclusionMask = ide.exclusionMask
            FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus AS ids
            Join dbo.dba_indexDefragExclusion AS ide
                ON ids.databaseID = ide.databaseID
                And ids.objectID = ide.objectID
                And ids.indexID = ide.indexID;
 
        END
 
        SELECT @debugMessage = 'Looping through our list... there are ' + CAST(COUNT(*) AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' indexes to defrag!'
        FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
        WHERE defragDate IS Null
            And page_count Between @minPageCount And IsNull(@maxPageCount, page_count);
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR(@debugMessage, 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Begin our loop for defragging */
        WHILE (SELECT COUNT(*) 
               FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus 
               WHERE (
                           (@executeSQL = 1 And defragDate IS Null) 
                        Or (@executeSQL = 0 And defragDate IS Null And printStatus = 0)
                     )
                And exclusionMask & POWER(2, DATEPART(weekday, GETDATE())-1) = 0
                And page_count Between @minPageCount And IsNull(@maxPageCount, page_count)) > 0
        BEGIN
 
            /* Check to see if we need to exit our loop because of our time limit */        
            IF IsNull(@endDateTime, GETDATE()) < GETDATE()
            BEGIN
                RAISERROR('Our time limit has been exceeded!', 11, 42) WITH NoWait;
            END;
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Picking an index to beat into shape...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Grab the index with the highest priority, based on the values submitted; 
               Look at the exclusion mask to ensure it can be defragged today */
            SET @getIndexSQL = N'
            Select Top 1 
                  @objectID_Out         = objectID
                , @indexID_Out          = indexID
                , @databaseID_Out       = databaseID
                , @databaseName_Out     = databaseName
                , @fragmentation_Out    = fragmentation
                , @partitionNumber_Out  = partitionNumber
                , @pageCount_Out        = page_count
            From dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
            Where defragDate Is Null ' 
                + CASE WHEN @executeSQL = 0 THEN 'And printStatus = 0' ELSE '' END + '
                And exclusionMask & Power(2, DatePart(weekday, GetDate())-1) = 0
                And page_count Between @p_minPageCount and IsNull(@p_maxPageCount, page_count)
            Order By + ' + @defragOrderColumn + ' ' + @defragSortOrder;
 
            SET @getIndexSQL_Param = N'@objectID_Out        int OutPut
                                     , @indexID_Out         int OutPut
                                     , @databaseID_Out      int OutPut
                                     , @databaseName_Out    nvarchar(128) OutPut
                                     , @fragmentation_Out   int OutPut
                                     , @partitionNumber_Out int OutPut
                                     , @pageCount_Out       int OutPut
                                     , @p_minPageCount      int
                                     , @p_maxPageCount      int';
 
            EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @getIndexSQL
                , @getIndexSQL_Param
                , @p_minPageCount       = @minPageCount
                , @p_maxPageCount       = @maxPageCount
                , @objectID_Out         = @objectID OUTPUT
                , @indexID_Out          = @indexID OUTPUT
                , @databaseID_Out       = @databaseID OUTPUT
                , @databaseName_Out     = @databaseName OUTPUT
                , @fragmentation_Out    = @fragmentation OUTPUT
                , @partitionNumber_Out  = @partitionNumber OUTPUT
                , @pageCount_Out        = @pageCount OUTPUT;
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Looking up the specifics for our index...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Look up index information */
            SELECT @updateSQL = N'Update ids
                Set schemaName = QuoteName(s.name)
                    , objectName = QuoteName(o.name)
                    , indexName = QuoteName(i.name)
                From dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus As ids
                Inner Join ' + @databaseName + '.sys.objects As o
                    On ids.objectID = o.object_id
                Inner Join ' + @databaseName + '.sys.indexes As i
                    On o.object_id = i.object_id
                    And ids.indexID = i.index_id
                Inner Join ' + @databaseName + '.sys.schemas As s
                    On o.schema_id = s.schema_id
                Where o.object_id = ' + CAST(@objectID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                    And i.index_id = ' + CAST(@indexID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                    And i.type > 0
                    And ids.databaseID = ' + CAST(@databaseID AS VARCHAR(10));
 
            EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @updateSQL;
 
            /* Grab our object names */
            SELECT @objectName  = objectName
                , @schemaName   = schemaName
                , @indexName    = indexName
            FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
            WHERE objectID = @objectID
                And indexID = @indexID
                And databaseID = @databaseID;
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Grabbing the partition count...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Determine if the index is partitioned */
            SELECT @partitionSQL = 'Select @partitionCount_OUT = Count(*)
                                        From ' + @databaseName + '.sys.partitions
                                        Where object_id = ' + CAST(@objectID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                                            And index_id = ' + CAST(@indexID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ';'
                , @partitionSQL_Param = '@partitionCount_OUT int OutPut';
 
            EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @partitionSQL, @partitionSQL_Param, @partitionCount_OUT = @partitionCount OUTPUT;
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Seeing if there are any LOBs to be handled...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Determine if the table contains LOBs */
            SELECT @LOB_SQL = ' Select @containsLOB_OUT = Count(*)
                                From ' + @databaseName + '.sys.columns With (NoLock) 
                                Where [object_id] = ' + CAST(@objectID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                                   And (system_type_id In (34, 35, 99)
                                            Or max_length = -1);'
                                /*  system_type_id --> 34 = image, 35 = text, 99 = ntext
                                    max_length = -1 --> varbinary(max), varchar(max), nvarchar(max), xml */
                    , @LOB_SQL_Param = '@containsLOB_OUT int OutPut';
 
            EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @LOB_SQL, @LOB_SQL_Param, @containsLOB_OUT = @containsLOB OUTPUT;
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Checking for indexes that do not allow page locks...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Determine if page locks are allowed; for those indexes, we need to always rebuild */
            SELECT @allowPageLockSQL = 'Select @allowPageLocks_OUT = Count(*)
                                        From ' + @databaseName + '.sys.indexes
                                        Where object_id = ' + CAST(@objectID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                                            And index_id = ' + CAST(@indexID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                                            And Allow_Page_Locks = 0;'
                , @allowPageLockSQL_Param = '@allowPageLocks_OUT int OutPut';
 
            EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @allowPageLockSQL, @allowPageLockSQL_Param, @allowPageLocks_OUT = @allowPageLocks OUTPUT;
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Building our SQL statements...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* If there's not a lot of fragmentation, or if we have a LOB, we should reorganize */
            IF (@fragmentation < @rebuildThreshold Or @containsLOB >= 1 Or @partitionCount > 1)
                And @allowPageLocks = 0
            BEGIN
 
                SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On ' + @databaseName + N'.' 
                                    + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + N' ReOrganize';
 
                /* If our index is partitioned, we should always reorganize */
                IF @partitionCount > 1
                    SET @sqlCommand = @sqlCommand + N' Partition = ' 
                                    + CAST(@partitionNumber AS NVARCHAR(10));
 
            END
            /* If the index is heavily fragmented and doesn't contain any partitions or LOB's, 
               or if the index does not allow page locks, rebuild it */
            ELSE IF (@fragmentation >= @rebuildThreshold Or @allowPageLocks <> 0)
                And IsNull(@containsLOB, 0) != 1 And @partitionCount <= 1
            BEGIN
 
                /* Set online rebuild options; requires Enterprise Edition */
                IF @onlineRebuild = 1 And @editionCheck = 1 
                    SET @rebuildCommand = N' Rebuild With (Online = On';
                ELSE
                    SET @rebuildCommand = N' Rebuild With (Online = Off';
 
                /* Set sort operation preferences */
                IF @sortInTempDB = 1 
                    SET @rebuildCommand = @rebuildCommand + N', Sort_In_TempDB = On';
                ELSE
                    SET @rebuildCommand = @rebuildCommand + N', Sort_In_TempDB = Off';
 
                /* Set processor restriction options; requires Enterprise Edition */
                IF @maxDopRestriction IS Not Null And @editionCheck = 1
                    SET @rebuildCommand = @rebuildCommand + N', MaxDop = ' + CAST(@maxDopRestriction AS VARCHAR(2)) + N')';
                ELSE
                    SET @rebuildCommand = @rebuildCommand + N')';
 
                SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On ' + @databaseName + N'.'
                                + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + @rebuildCommand;
 
            END
            ELSE
                /* Print an error message if any indexes happen to not meet the criteria above */
                IF @printCommands = 1 Or @debugMode = 1
                    RAISERROR('We are unable to defrag this index.', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Are we executing the SQL?  If so, do it */
            IF @executeSQL = 1
            BEGIN
 
                SET @debugMessage = 'Executing: ' + @sqlCommand;
 
                /* Print the commands we're executing if specified to do so */
                IF @printCommands = 1 Or @debugMode = 1
                    RAISERROR(@debugMessage, 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
                /* Grab the time for logging purposes */
                SET @dateTimeStart  = GETDATE();
 
                /* Log our actions */
                INSERT INTO dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
                (
                      databaseID
                    , databaseName
                    , objectID
                    , objectName
                    , indexID
                    , indexName
                    , partitionNumber
                    , fragmentation
                    , page_count
                    , dateTimeStart
                    , sqlStatement
                )
                SELECT
                      @databaseID
                    , @databaseName
                    , @objectID
                    , @objectName
                    , @indexID
                    , @indexName
                    , @partitionNumber
                    , @fragmentation
                    , @pageCount
                    , @dateTimeStart
                    , @sqlCommand;
 
                SET @indexDefrag_id = SCOPE_IDENTITY();
 
                /* Wrap our execution attempt in a try/catch and log any errors that occur */
                BEGIN Try
 
                    /* Execute our defrag! */
                    EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @sqlCommand;
                    SET @dateTimeEnd = GETDATE();
 
                    /* Update our log with our completion time */
                    UPDATE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
                    SET dateTimeEnd = @dateTimeEnd
                        , durationSeconds = DATEDIFF(SECOND, @dateTimeStart, @dateTimeEnd)
                    WHERE indexDefrag_id = @indexDefrag_id;
 
                END Try
                BEGIN Catch
 
                    /* Update our log with our error message */
                    UPDATE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
                    SET dateTimeEnd = GETDATE()
                        , durationSeconds = -1
                        , errorMessage = Error_Message()
                    WHERE indexDefrag_id = @indexDefrag_id;
 
                    IF @debugMode = 1 
                        RAISERROR('  An error has occurred executing this command! Please review the dba_indexDefragLog table for details.'
                            , 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
                END Catch
 
                /* Just a little breather for the server */
                WAITFOR Delay @defragDelay;
 
                UPDATE dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
                SET defragDate = GETDATE()
                    , printStatus = 1
                WHERE databaseID       = @databaseID
                  And objectID         = @objectID
                  And indexID          = @indexID
                  And partitionNumber  = @partitionNumber;
 
            END
            ELSE
            /* Looks like we're not executing, just printing the commands */
            BEGIN
                IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Printing SQL statements...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
                IF @printCommands = 1 Or @debugMode = 1 
                    PRINT IsNull(@sqlCommand, 'error!');
 
                UPDATE dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
                SET printStatus = 1
                WHERE databaseID       = @databaseID
                  And objectID         = @objectID
                  And indexID          = @indexID
                  And partitionNumber  = @partitionNumber;
            END
 
        END
 
        /* Do we want to output our fragmentation results? */
        IF @printFragmentation = 1
        BEGIN
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Displaying a summary of our action...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            SELECT databaseID
                , databaseName
                , objectID
                , objectName
                , indexID
                , indexName
                , partitionNumber
                , fragmentation
                , page_count
                , range_scan_count
            FROM dbo.dba_indexDefragStatus
            WHERE defragDate >= @startDateTime
            ORDER BY defragDate;
 
        END;
 
    END Try
    BEGIN Catch
 
        SET @debugMessage = Error_Message() + ' (Line Number: ' + CAST(Error_Line() AS VARCHAR(10)) + ')';
        PRINT @debugMessage;
 
    END Catch;
 
    /* When everything is said and done, make sure to get rid of our temp table */
    DROP TABLE #databaseList;
    DROP TABLE #processor;
    DROP TABLE #maxPartitionList;
 
    IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('DONE!  Thank you for taking care of your indexes!  :)', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
    SET NOCOUNT OFF;
    RETURN 0
END

/* Identify which servers get the partitioned version */
IF @@SERVERNAME In ('yourServerNameList') 
BEGIN
 
    /* Create your partitioning scheme if necessary */
    IF Not Exists(SELECT * FROM sys.partition_schemes WHERE name = 'InsertPartitionScheme')
        CREATE PARTITION SCHEME InsertPartitionScheme 
            AS PARTITION InsertPartitionFunction ALL TO ([PRIMARY]);    
 
    /* Create your partitioning function if necessary */
    IF Not Exists(SELECT * FROM sys.partition_functions WHERE name = 'InsertPartitionFunction')
        CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION InsertPartitionFunction (SMALLDATETIME) 
            AS RANGE RIGHT FOR VALUES ('insertValues');    
 
    /* Create a partitioned version of your table */
    CREATE TABLE [dbo].[yourTableName] (
	    [yourTableSchema]
    ) ON InsertPartitionScheme([partitioningKey]);
 
END
ELSE
BEGIN
 
    /* Create a non-partitioned version of your table */
    CREATE TABLE [dbo].[yourTableName] (
	    [yourTableSchema]
    ) ON [PRIMARY];
 
END

/* Apply compression to your partitioned table */
ALTER TABLE dbo.yourTableName
Rebuild Partition = All
WITH 
(
      Data_Compression = Page ON Partitions(1 TO 9)
    , Data_Compression = ROW  ON Partitions(10 TO 11) 
    , Data_Compression = NONE ON Partitions(12)
);
 
/* Apply compression to your partitioned index */
ALTER INDEX YourPartitionedIndex
    ON dbo.yourTableName
    Rebuild Partition = All
    WITH 
    (
      Data_Compression = Page ON Partitions(1 TO 9)
    , Data_Compression = ROW  ON Partitions(10 TO 11) 
    , Data_Compression = NONE ON Partitions(12)
    );
 
/* Apply compression to your unpartitioned index */
ALTER INDEX YourUnpartitionedIndex
    ON dbo.yourTableName
    Rebuild WITH (Data_Compression = ROW);

IF Not Exists(SELECT [OBJECT_ID] FROM sys.tables WHERE name = N'dba_indexDefragLog')
BEGIN
    -- Drop Table dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
    CREATE TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
    (
          indexDefrag_id    INT IDENTITY(1,1)   Not Null
        , databaseID        INT                 Not Null
        , databaseName      NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
        , objectID          INT                 Not Null
        , objectName        NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
        , indexID           INT                 Not Null
        , indexName         NVARCHAR(128)       Not Null
        , partitionNumber   SMALLINT            Not Null
        , fragmentation     FLOAT               Not Null
        , page_count        INT                 Not Null
        , dateTimeStart     DATETIME            Not Null
        , durationSeconds   INT                 Not Null
        CONSTRAINT PK_indexDefragLog PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (indexDefrag_id)
    )
 
    PRINT 'dba_indexDefragLog Table Created';
END
 
IF OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp'), N'IsProcedure') = 1
BEGIN
    DROP PROCEDURE dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp;
    PRINT 'Procedure dba_indexDefrag_sp dropped';
END;
Go
 
 
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
 
    /* Declare Parameters */
      @minFragmentation     FLOAT           = 5.0  
        /* in percent, will not defrag if fragmentation less than specified */
    , @rebuildThreshold     FLOAT           = 30.0  
        /* in percent, greater than @rebuildThreshold will result in rebuild instead of reorg */
    , @executeSQL           BIT             = 1     
        /* 1 = execute; 0 = print command only */
    , @DATABASE             VARCHAR(128)    = Null
        /* Option to specify a database name; null will return all */
    , @tableName            VARCHAR(4000)   = Null  -- databaseName.schema.tableName
        /* Option to specify a table name; null will return all */
    , @onlineRebuild        BIT             = 1     
        /* 1 = online rebuild; 0 = offline rebuild; only in Enterprise */
    , @maxDopRestriction    TINYINT         = Null
        /* Option to restrict the number of processors for the operation; only in Enterprise */
    , @printCommands        BIT             = 0     
        /* 1 = print commands; 0 = do not print commands */
    , @printFragmentation   BIT             = 0
        /* 1 = print fragmentation prior to defrag; 
           0 = do not print */
    , @defragDelay          CHAR(8)         = '00:00:05'
        /* time to wait between defrag commands */
    , @debugMode            BIT             = 0
        /* display some useful comments to help determine if/where issues occur */
AS
/*********************************************************************************
    Name:       dba_indexDefrag_sp
 
    Author:     Michelle Ufford, http://sqlfool.com
 
    Purpose:    Defrags all indexes for one or more databases
 
    Notes:
 
    CAUTION: TRANSACTION LOG SIZE MUST BE MONITORED CLOSELY WHEN DEFRAGMENTING.
 
      @minFragmentation     defaulted to 10%, will not defrag if fragmentation 
                            is less than that
 
      @rebuildThreshold     defaulted to 30% as recommended by Microsoft in BOL;
                            greater than 30% will result in rebuild instead
 
      @executeSQL           1 = execute the SQL generated by this proc; 
                            0 = print command only
 
      @database             Optional, specify specific database name to defrag;
                            If not specified, all non-system databases will
                            be defragged.
 
      @tableName            Specify if you only want to defrag indexes for a 
                            specific table, format = databaseName.schema.tableName;
                            if not specified, all tables will be defragged.
 
      @onlineRebuild        1 = online rebuild; 
                            0 = offline rebuild
 
      @maxDopRestriction    Option to specify a processor limit for index rebuilds
 
      @printCommands        1 = print commands to screen; 
                            0 = do not print commands
 
      @printFragmentation   1 = print fragmentation to screen;
                            0 = do not print fragmentation
 
      @defragDelay          time to wait between defrag commands; gives the
                            server a little time to catch up 
 
      @debugMode            1 = display debug comments; helps with troubleshooting
                            0 = do not display debug comments
 
    Called by:  SQL Agent Job or DBA
 
    Date        Initials	Description
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2008-10-27  MFU         Initial Release for public consumption
    2008-11-17  MFU         Added page-count to log table
                            , added @printFragmentation option
    2009-03-17  MFU         Provided support for centralized execution, 
                            , consolidated Enterprise & Standard versions
                            , added @debugMode, @maxDopRestriction
                            , modified LOB and partition logic                            
*********************************************************************************
    Exec dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
          @executeSQL           = 0
        , @minFragmentation     = 80
        , @printCommands        = 1
        , @debugMode            = 1
        , @printFragmentation   = 1
        , @database             = 'AdventureWorks'
        , @tableName            = 'AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderDetail';
*********************************************************************************/																
 
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET XACT_Abort ON;
SET Quoted_Identifier ON;
 
BEGIN
 
    IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Dusting off the spiderwebs and starting up...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
    /* Declare our variables */
    DECLARE   @objectID             INT
            , @databaseID           INT
            , @databaseName         NVARCHAR(128)
            , @indexID              INT
            , @partitionCount       BIGINT
            , @schemaName           NVARCHAR(128)
            , @objectName           NVARCHAR(128)
            , @indexName            NVARCHAR(128)
            , @partitionNumber      SMALLINT
            , @partitions           SMALLINT
            , @fragmentation        FLOAT
            , @pageCount            INT
            , @sqlCommand           NVARCHAR(4000)
            , @rebuildCommand       NVARCHAR(200)
            , @dateTimeStart        DATETIME
            , @dateTimeEnd          DATETIME
            , @containsLOB          BIT
            , @editionCheck         BIT
            , @debugMessage         VARCHAR(128)
            , @updateSQL            NVARCHAR(4000)
            , @partitionSQL         NVARCHAR(4000)
            , @partitionSQL_Param   NVARCHAR(1000)
            , @LOB_SQL              NVARCHAR(4000)
            , @LOB_SQL_Param        NVARCHAR(1000);
 
    /* Create our temporary tables */
    CREATE TABLE #indexDefragList
    (
          databaseID        INT
        , databaseName      NVARCHAR(128)
        , objectID          INT
        , indexID           INT
        , partitionNumber   SMALLINT
        , fragmentation     FLOAT
        , page_count        INT
        , defragStatus      BIT
        , schemaName        NVARCHAR(128)   Null
        , objectName        NVARCHAR(128)   Null
        , indexName         NVARCHAR(128)   Null
    );
 
    CREATE TABLE #databaseList
    (
          databaseID        INT
        , databaseName      VARCHAR(128)
    );
 
    CREATE TABLE #processor 
    (
          [INDEX]           INT
        , Name              VARCHAR(128)
        , Internal_Value    INT
        , Character_Value   INT
    );
 
    IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Beginning validation...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
    /* Just a little validation... */
    IF @minFragmentation Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
        SET @minFragmentation = 5.0;
 
    IF @rebuildThreshold Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
        SET @rebuildThreshold = 30.0;
 
    IF @defragDelay Not Like '00:[0-5][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]'
        SET @defragDelay = '00:00:05';
 
    /* Make sure we're not exceeding the number of processors we have available */
    INSERT INTO #processor
    EXECUTE XP_MSVER 'ProcessorCount';
 
    IF @maxDopRestriction IS Not Null And @maxDopRestriction > (SELECT Internal_Value FROM #processor)
        SELECT @maxDopRestriction = Internal_Value
        FROM #processor;
 
    /* Check our server version; 1804890536 = Enterprise, 610778273 = Enterprise Evaluation, -2117995310 = Developer */
    IF (SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('EditionID')) In (1804890536, 610778273, -2117995310) 
        SET @editionCheck = 1 -- supports online rebuilds
    ELSE
        SET @editionCheck = 0; -- does not support online rebuilds
 
    IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Grabbing a list of our databases...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
    /* Retrieve the list of databases to investigate */
    INSERT INTO #databaseList
    SELECT database_id
        , name
    FROM sys.databases
    WHERE name = IsNull(@DATABASE, name)
        And database_id > 4 -- exclude system databases
        And [STATE] = 0; -- state must be ONLINE
 
    IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('Looping through our list of databases and checking for fragmentation...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
    /* Loop through our list of databases */
    WHILE (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #databaseList) > 0
    BEGIN
 
        SELECT TOP 1 @databaseID = databaseID
        FROM #databaseList;
 
        SELECT @debugMessage = '  working on ' + DB_NAME(@databaseID) + '...';
 
        IF @debugMode = 1
            RAISERROR(@debugMessage, 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
       /* Determine which indexes to defrag using our user-defined parameters */
        INSERT INTO #indexDefragList
        SELECT
              database_id AS databaseID
            , QUOTENAME(DB_NAME(database_id)) AS 'databaseName'
            , [OBJECT_ID] AS objectID
            , index_id AS indexID
            , partition_number AS partitionNumber
            , avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS fragmentation
            , page_count 
            , 0 AS 'defragStatus' /* 0 = unprocessed, 1 = processed */
            , Null AS 'schemaName'
            , Null AS 'objectName'
            , Null AS 'indexName'
        FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats (@databaseID, OBJECT_ID(@tableName), Null , Null, N'Limited')
        WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= @minFragmentation 
            And index_id > 0 -- ignore heaps
            And page_count > 8 -- ignore objects with less than 1 extent
        OPTION (MaxDop 1);
 
        DELETE FROM #databaseList
        WHERE databaseID = @databaseID;
 
    END
 
    CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX CIX_temp_indexDefragList
        ON #indexDefragList(databaseID, objectID, indexID, partitionNumber);
 
    SELECT @debugMessage = 'Looping through our list... there''s ' + CAST(COUNT(*) AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' indexes to defrag!'
    FROM #indexDefragList;
 
    IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR(@debugMessage, 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
    /* Begin our loop for defragging */
    WHILE (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #indexDefragList WHERE defragStatus = 0) > 0
    BEGIN
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Picking an index to beat into shape...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Grab the most fragmented index first to defrag */
        SELECT TOP 1 
              @objectID         = objectID
            , @indexID          = indexID
            , @databaseID       = databaseID
            , @databaseName     = databaseName
            , @fragmentation    = fragmentation
            , @partitionNumber  = partitionNumber
            , @pageCount        = page_count
        FROM #indexDefragList
        WHERE defragStatus = 0
        ORDER BY fragmentation DESC;
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Looking up the specifics for our index...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Look up index information */
        SELECT @updateSQL = N'Update idl
            Set schemaName = QuoteName(s.name)
                , objectName = QuoteName(o.name)
                , indexName = QuoteName(i.name)
            From #indexDefragList As idl
            Inner Join ' + @databaseName + '.sys.objects As o
                On idl.objectID = o.object_id
            Inner Join ' + @databaseName + '.sys.indexes As i
                On o.object_id = i.object_id
            Inner Join ' + @databaseName + '.sys.schemas As s
                On o.schema_id = s.schema_id
            Where o.object_id = ' + CAST(@objectID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                And i.index_id = ' + CAST(@indexID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                And i.type > 0
                And idl.databaseID = ' + CAST(@databaseID AS VARCHAR(10));
 
        EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @updateSQL;
 
        /* Grab our object names */
        SELECT @objectName  = objectName
            , @schemaName   = schemaName
            , @indexName    = indexName
        FROM #indexDefragList
        WHERE objectID = @objectID
            And indexID = @indexID
            And databaseID = @databaseID;
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Grabbing the partition count...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Determine if the index is partitioned */
        SELECT @partitionSQL = 'Select @partitionCount_OUT = Count(*)
                                    From ' + @databaseName + '.sys.partitions
                                    Where object_id = ' + CAST(@objectID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                                        And index_id = ' + CAST(@indexID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ';'
            , @partitionSQL_Param = '@partitionCount_OUT int OutPut';
 
        EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @partitionSQL, @partitionSQL_Param, @partitionCount_OUT = @partitionCount OUTPUT;
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Seeing if there''s any LOBs to be handled...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Determine if the table contains LOBs */
        SELECT @LOB_SQL = ' Select Top 1 @containsLOB_OUT = column_id
                            From ' + @databaseName + '.sys.columns With (NoLock) 
                            Where [object_id] = ' + CAST(@objectID AS VARCHAR(10)) + '
                                And (system_type_id In (34, 35, 99)
                                        Or max_length = -1);'
                            /*  system_type_id --> 34 = image, 35 = text, 99 = ntext
                                max_length = -1 --> varbinary(max), varchar(max), nvarchar(max), xml */
                , @LOB_SQL_Param = '@containsLOB_OUT int OutPut';
 
        EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @LOB_SQL, @LOB_SQL_Param, @containsLOB_OUT = @containsLOB OUTPUT;
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Building our SQL statements...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* If there's not a lot of fragmentation, or if we have a LOB, we should reorganize */
        IF @fragmentation < @rebuildThreshold Or @containsLOB = 1 Or @partitionCount > 1
        BEGIN
 
            SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On ' + @databaseName + N'.' 
                                + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + N' ReOrganize';
 
            /* If our index is partitioned, we should always reorganize */
            IF @partitionCount > 1
                SET @sqlCommand = @sqlCommand + N' Partition = ' 
                                + CAST(@partitionNumber AS NVARCHAR(10));
 
        END;
 
        /* If the index is heavily fragmented and doesn't contain any partitions or LOB's, rebuild it */
        IF @fragmentation >= @rebuildThreshold And IsNull(@containsLOB, 0) != 1 And @partitionCount <= 1
        BEGIN
 
            /* Set online rebuild options; requires Enterprise Edition */
            IF @onlineRebuild = 1 And @editionCheck = 1 
                SET @rebuildCommand = N' Rebuild With (Online = On';
            ELSE
                SET @rebuildCommand = N' Rebuild With (Online = Off';
 
            /* Set processor restriction options; requires Enterprise Edition */
            IF @maxDopRestriction IS Not Null And @editionCheck = 1
                SET @rebuildCommand = @rebuildCommand + N', MaxDop = ' + CAST(@maxDopRestriction AS VARCHAR(2)) + N')';
            ELSE
                SET @rebuildCommand = @rebuildCommand + N')';
 
            SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On ' + @databaseName + N'.'
                            + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + @rebuildCommand;
 
        END;
 
        /* Are we executing the SQL?  If so, do it */
        IF @executeSQL = 1
        BEGIN
 
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Executing SQL statements...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            /* Grab the time for logging purposes */
            SET @dateTimeStart  = GETDATE();
            EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @sqlCommand;
            SET @dateTimeEnd  = GETDATE();
 
            /* Log our actions */
            INSERT INTO dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
            (
                  databaseID
                , databaseName
                , objectID
                , objectName
                , indexID
                , indexName
                , partitionNumber
                , fragmentation
                , page_count
                , dateTimeStart
                , durationSeconds
            )
            SELECT
                  @databaseID
                , @databaseName
                , @objectID
                , @objectName
                , @indexID
                , @indexName
                , @partitionNumber
                , @fragmentation
                , @pageCount
                , @dateTimeStart
                , DATEDIFF(SECOND, @dateTimeStart, @dateTimeEnd);
 
            /* Just a little breather for the server */
            WAITFOR Delay @defragDelay;
 
            /* Print if specified to do so */
            IF @printCommands = 1
                PRINT N'Executed: ' + @sqlCommand;
        END
        ELSE
        /* Looks like we're not executing, just printing the commands */
        BEGIN
            IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Printing SQL statements...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
            IF @printCommands = 1 PRINT IsNull(@sqlCommand, 'error!');
        END
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Updating our index defrag status...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        /* Update our index defrag list so we know we've finished with that index */
        UPDATE #indexDefragList
        SET defragStatus = 1
        WHERE databaseID       = @databaseID
          And objectID         = @objectID
          And indexID          = @indexID
          And partitionNumber  = @partitionNumber;
 
    END
 
    /* Do we want to output our fragmentation results? */
    IF @printFragmentation = 1
    BEGIN
 
        IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('  Displaying fragmentation results...', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
        SELECT databaseID
            , databaseName
            , objectID
            , objectName
            , indexID
            , indexName
            , fragmentation
            , page_count
        FROM #indexDefragList;
 
    END;
 
    /* When everything is said and done, make sure to get rid of our temp table */
    DROP TABLE #indexDefragList;
    DROP TABLE #databaseList;
    DROP TABLE #processor;
 
    IF @debugMode = 1 RAISERROR('DONE!  Thank you for taking care of your indexes!  :)', 0, 42) WITH NoWait;
 
    SET NOCOUNT OFF;
	RETURN 0
END
Go

CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_indexName_unpartitioned
    ON databaseName.dbo.tableName(columnList)
    Include (includedColumnList)
    WITH (MaxDop = 1, Online = ON, Sort_In_TempDB = ON)
    ON [PRIMARY];

CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_myIndex
    ON dbo.myTable(myColumn);

CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_myIndex
    ON dbo.myTable(myColumn)
    ON [PRIMARY];

/* Create a partition function. */
CREATE Partition FUNCTION 
    [test_monthlyDateRange_pf] (DATETIME)
    AS Range RIGHT FOR VALUES
    ('2009-01-01', '2009-01-08', '2009-01-15'
    , '2009-01-22', '2009-01-29');
Go
 
/* Associate the partition function with a partition scheme. */
CREATE Partition Scheme test_monthlyDateRange_ps
    AS Partition test_monthlyDateRange_pf
    All TO ([PRIMARY]);
Go
 
/* Create a partitioned table. */
CREATE TABLE dbo.orders
(
      order_id  INT IDENTITY(1,1)   Not Null
    , orderDate DATETIME            Not Null
    , orderData SMALLDATETIME       Not Null
 
    CONSTRAINT PK_orders PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
    (
        order_id
      , orderDate
    )
) ON test_monthlyDateRange_ps(orderDate);
Go
 
/* Create some records to play with. */
SET NOCOUNT ON;
 
DECLARE @endDate DATETIME = '2009-01-01';
 
WHILE @endDate < '2009-02-01'
BEGIN
 
    INSERT INTO dbo.orders
    SELECT @endDate, @endDate;
 
    SET @endDate = DATEADD(MINUTE, 1, @endDate);
 
END;
 
SET NOCOUNT OFF;
 
 
/* Let’s create an aligned, partitioned index. */
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_orders_aligned
    ON dbo.orders(order_id)
    ON test_monthlyDateRange_ps(orderDate); 
    /* you don't actually need to declare the last
       line of this unless you want to create the
       index on a different partitioning scheme.   */
 
/* Now let’s create an unpartitioned index. */
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_orders_unpartitioned
    ON dbo.orders(order_id)
    ON [PRIMARY];

/* Let's take a look at our index partitions */
SELECT i.name
    , i.index_id
    , p.partition_number
    , p.ROWS
FROM sys.partitions AS p
Join sys.indexes AS i
    ON p.OBJECT_ID = i.OBJECT_ID 
   And p.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE p.OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID('orders')
ORDER BY i.index_id, p.partition_number;

/* Query 1, specific record look-up, covered */
SELECT order_id, orderDate
FROM dbo.orders WITH (INDEX(IX_orders_aligned))
WHERE order_id = 25000;
 
SELECT order_id, orderDate
FROM dbo.orders WITH (INDEX(IX_orders_unpartitioned))
WHERE order_id = 25000;

/* Query 2, specific record look-up, uncovered */
SELECT order_id, orderDate, orderData
FROM dbo.orders WITH (INDEX(IX_orders_aligned))
WHERE order_id = 30000;
 
SELECT order_id, orderDate, orderData
FROM dbo.orders WITH (INDEX(IX_orders_unpartitioned))
WHERE order_id = 30000;

/* Query 3, aggregation */
SELECT CAST(ROUND(CAST(orderdate AS FLOAT), 0, 1) AS SMALLDATETIME) AS 'order_date'
    , COUNT(*)
FROM dbo.orders WITH (INDEX(IX_orders_aligned))
WHERE orderDate Between '2009-01-01' And '2009-01-07 23:59'
GROUP BY CAST(ROUND(CAST(orderdate AS FLOAT), 0, 1) AS SMALLDATETIME) 
ORDER BY CAST(ROUND(CAST(orderdate AS FLOAT), 0, 1) AS SMALLDATETIME);
 
SELECT CAST(ROUND(CAST(orderdate AS FLOAT), 0, 1) AS SMALLDATETIME) AS 'order_date'
    , COUNT(*)
FROM dbo.orders WITH (INDEX(IX_orders_unpartitioned))
WHERE orderDate Between '2009-01-01' And '2009-01-07 23:59'
GROUP BY CAST(ROUND(CAST(orderdate AS FLOAT), 0, 1) AS SMALLDATETIME) 
ORDER BY CAST(ROUND(CAST(orderdate AS FLOAT), 0, 1) AS SMALLDATETIME);

IF EXISTS(SELECT OBJECT_ID FROM sys.tables
                WHERE [name] = N'dba_indexDefragLog')
BEGIN
 
    DROP TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog;
 
    PRINT 'dba_indexDefragLog table dropped!';
 
END
 
CREATE TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
(
      indexDefrag_id    INT IDENTITY(1,1)   NOT NULL
    , objectID          INT                 NOT NULL
    , objectName        NVARCHAR(130)       NOT NULL
    , indexID           INT                 NOT NULL
    , indexName         NVARCHAR(130)       NOT NULL
    , partitionNumber   SMALLINT            not null
    , fragmentation     FLOAT               NOT NULL
    , page_count        INT                 NOT NULL
    , dateTimeStart     DATETIME            NOT NULL
    , durationSeconds   INT                 NOT NULL
    CONSTRAINT PK_indexDefragLog
        PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (indexDefrag_id)
);
 
PRINT 'dba_indexDefragLog Table Created';
 
IF OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp'),
        N'IsProcedure') IS Null
BEGIN
    EXECUTE ('Create Procedure dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
        As Print ''Hello World!''');
    RAISERROR('Procedure dba_indexDefrag_sp created.'
        , 10, 1);
END;
Go
 
SET ANSI_Nulls ON;
SET Ansi_Padding ON;
SET Ansi_Warnings ON;
SET ArithAbort ON;
SET Concat_Null_Yields_Null ON;
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET Numeric_RoundAbort OFF;
SET Quoted_Identifier ON;
Go
 
ALTER PROCEDURE dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
 
    /* Declare Parameters */
      @minFragmentation     FLOAT           = 10.0
        /* in percent, will not defrag if fragmentation
           less than specified */
    , @rebuildThreshold     FLOAT           = 30.0
        /* in percent, greater than @rebuildThreshold
           will result in rebuild instead of reorg */
    , @onlineRebuild        BIT             = 1     
        /* 1 = online rebuild; 0 = offline rebuild */
    , @executeSQL           BIT             = 1
        /* 1 = execute; 0 = print command only */
    , @tableName            VARCHAR(4000)   = Null 
        /* Option to specify a table name */
    , @printCommands        BIT             = 0
        /* 1 = print commands; 0 = do not print commands */
    , @printFragmentation   BIT             = 0
        /* 1 = print fragmentation prior to defrag; 
           0 = do not print */
    , @defragDelay          CHAR(8)         = '00:00:05'
        /* time to wait between defrag commands */
AS
/********************************************************************
    Name:       dba_indexDefrag_sp
 
    Author:     Michelle F. Ufford
 
    Purpose:    Defrags all indexes for the current database
 
    Notes:      This script was designed for SQL Server 2005
                Enterprise Edition.
 
    CAUTION: Monitor transaction log if executing for the first time!
 
      @minFragmentation     defaulted to 10%, will not defrag if
                            fragmentation if less than specified.
 
      @rebuildThreshold     defaulted to 30% as recommended by
                            Microsoft in BOL;
                            > than 30% will result in rebuild instead
 
      @onlineRebuild        1 = online rebuild; 
                            0 = offline rebuild
 
      @executeSQL           1 = execute the SQL generated by this proc;
                            0 = print command only
 
      @tableName            Specify if you only want to defrag indexes
                            for a specific table
 
      @printCommands        1 = print commands to screen;
                            0 = do not print commands
 
      @printFragmentation   1 = print fragmentation to screen;
                            0 = do not print fragmentation
 
      @defragDelay          time to wait between defrag commands;
                            gives the server some time to catch up
 
    Called by:  SQL Agent Job or DBA
 
    Date        Initials  Description
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    2008-10-27  MFU       Initial Release
    2008-11-17  MFU       Added page_count to log table
                          , added @printFragmentation option
********************************************************************
    Exec dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
          @executeSQL         = 1
        , @printCommands      = 1
        , @minFragmentation   = 0
        , @printFragmentation = 1;
********************************************************************/
 
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET XACT_Abort ON;
 
BEGIN
 
    /* Declare our variables */
    DECLARE   @objectID         INT
            , @indexID          INT
            , @partitionCount   BIGINT
            , @schemaName       NVARCHAR(130)
            , @objectName       NVARCHAR(130)
            , @indexName        NVARCHAR(130)
            , @partitionNumber  SMALLINT
            , @partitions       SMALLINT
            , @fragmentation    FLOAT
            , @pageCount        INT
            , @sqlCommand       NVARCHAR(4000)
            , @rebuildCommand   NVARCHAR(200)
            , @dateTimeStart    DATETIME
            , @dateTimeEnd      DATETIME
            , @containsLOB      BIT;
 
    /* Just a little validation... */
    IF @minFragmentation Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
        SET @minFragmentation = 10.0;
 
    IF @rebuildThreshold Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
        SET @rebuildThreshold = 30.0;
 
    IF @defragDelay Not Like '00:[0-5][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]'
        SET @defragDelay = '00:00:05';
 
    /* Determine which indexes to defrag using our
       user-defined parameters */
    SELECT
          OBJECT_ID AS objectID
        , index_id AS indexID
        , partition_number AS partitionNumber
        , avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS fragmentation
        , page_count 
        , 0 AS 'defragStatus'
            /* 0 = unprocessed, 1 = processed */
    INTO #indexDefragList
    FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats
        (DB_ID(), OBJECT_ID(@tableName), NULL , NULL, N'Limited')
    WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent > @minFragmentation
        And index_id > 0
    OPTION (MaxDop 1);
 
    /* Create a clustered index to boost performance a little */
    CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX CIX_temp_indexDefragList
        ON #indexDefragList(objectID, indexID, partitionNumber);
 
    /* Begin our loop for defragging */
    WHILE (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #indexDefragList
            WHERE defragStatus = 0) > 0
    BEGIN
 
        /* Grab the most fragmented index first to defrag */
        SELECT TOP 1
              @objectID         = objectID
            , @fragmentation    = fragmentation
            , @indexID          = indexID
            , @partitionNumber  = partitionNumber
            , @pageCount        = page_count
        FROM #indexDefragList
        WHERE defragStatus = 0
        ORDER BY fragmentation DESC;
 
        /* Look up index information */
        SELECT @objectName = QUOTENAME(o.name)
             , @schemaName = QUOTENAME(s.name)
        FROM sys.objects AS o
        INNER Join sys.schemas AS s
            ON s.schema_id = o.schema_id
        WHERE o.OBJECT_ID = @objectID;
 
        SELECT @indexName = QUOTENAME(name)
        FROM sys.indexes
        WHERE OBJECT_ID = @objectID
            And index_id = @indexID
            And type > 0;
 
        /* Determine if the index is partitioned */
        SELECT @partitionCount = COUNT(*)
        FROM sys.partitions
        WHERE OBJECT_ID = @objectID
            And index_id = @indexID;
 
        /* Look for LOBs */
        SELECT TOP 1
            @containsLOB = column_id
        FROM sys.columns WITH (NOLOCK)
        WHERE 
            [OBJECT_ID] = @objectID
            And (system_type_id In (34, 35, 99)
            -- 34 = image, 35 = text, 99 = ntext
                    Or max_length = -1);
            -- varbinary(max), varchar(max), nvarchar(max), xml
 
        /* See if we should rebuild or reorganize; handle thusly */
        IF @fragmentation < @rebuildThreshold And @partitionCount <= 1
            SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On '
                + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + N' ReOrganize';
 
        IF @fragmentation >= @rebuildThreshold
            And IsNull(@containsLOB, 0) = 0
                -- Cannot rebuild if the table has one or more LOB
            And @partitionCount <= 1
        BEGIN
 
            /* We should always rebuild online if possible
                (SQL 2005 Enterprise) */
            IF @onlineRebuild = 0
                SET @rebuildCommand = N' Rebuild With
                    (Online = Off, MaxDop = 1)';
            ELSE
                SET @rebuildCommand = N' Rebuild With
                    (Online = On, MaxDop = 1)';
 
            SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On '
                + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + @rebuildCommand;
        END;
 
        /* If our index is partitioned, we should always reorganize */
        IF @partitionCount > 1
            SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On '
                + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + N' ReOrganize'
                + N' Partition = '
                + CAST(@partitionNumber AS NVARCHAR(10));
                -- no MaxDop needed, single threaded operation
 
        /* Are we executing the SQL?  If so, do it */
        IF @executeSQL = 1
        BEGIN
 
            /* Grab the time for logging purposes */
            SET @dateTimeStart  = GETDATE();
            EXECUTE (@sqlCommand);
            SET @dateTimeEnd  = GETDATE();
 
            /* Log our actions */
            INSERT INTO dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
            (
                  objectID
                , objectName
                , indexID
                , indexName
                , partitionNumber
                , fragmentation
                , page_count
                , dateTimeStart
                , durationSeconds
            )
            SELECT
                  @objectID
                , @objectName
                , @indexID
                , @indexName
                , @partitionNumber
                , @fragmentation
                , @pageCount
                , @dateTimeStart
                , DATEDIFF(SECOND, @dateTimeStart, @dateTimeEnd);
 
            /* Just a little breather for the server */
            WAITFOR Delay @defragDelay;
 
            /* Print if specified to do so */
            IF @printCommands = 1
                PRINT N'Executed: ' + @sqlCommand;
        END
        ELSE
        /* Looks like we're not executing, just print
            the commands */
        BEGIN
            IF @printCommands = 1
                PRINT @sqlCommand;
        END
 
        /* Update our index defrag list when we've
            finished with that index */
        UPDATE #indexDefragList
        SET defragStatus = 1
        WHERE objectID         = @objectID
          And indexID          = @indexID
          And partitionNumber  = @partitionNumber;
 
    END
 
    /* Do we want to output our fragmentation results? */
    IF @printFragmentation = 1
        SELECT idl.objectID
            , o.name AS 'tableName'
            , idl.indexID
            , i.name AS 'indexName'
            , idl.fragmentation
            , idl.page_count
        FROM #indexDefragList AS idl
        Join sys.objects AS o
            ON idl.objectID = o.OBJECT_ID
        Join sys.indexes AS i
            ON idl.objectID = i.OBJECT_ID
            And idl.indexID = i.index_id;
 
    /* When everything is done, make sure to get rid of
        our temp table */
    DROP TABLE #indexDefragList;
 
    SET NOCOUNT OFF;
    RETURN 0
END
Go

IF EXISTS(SELECT OBJECT_ID FROM sys.tables
                WHERE [name] = N'dba_indexDefragLog')
BEGIN
 
    DROP TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog;
 
    PRINT 'dba_indexDefragLog table dropped!';
 
END
 
CREATE TABLE dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
(
      indexDefrag_id    INT IDENTITY(1,1)   NOT NULL
    , objectID          INT                 NOT NULL
    , objectName        NVARCHAR(130)       NOT NULL
    , indexID           INT                 NOT NULL
    , indexName         NVARCHAR(130)       NOT NULL
    , fragmentation     FLOAT               NOT NULL
    , page_count        INT                 NOT NULL
    , dateTimeStart     DATETIME            NOT NULL
    , durationSeconds   INT                 NOT NULL
    CONSTRAINT PK_indexDefragLog
        PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (indexDefrag_id)
);
 
PRINT 'dba_indexDefragLog Table Created';
 
IF OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('dbo.dba_indexDefragStandard_sp'),
        N'IsProcedure') IS Null
BEGIN
    EXECUTE ('Create Procedure dbo.dba_indexDefragStandard_sp
        As Print ''Hello World!''');
    RAISERROR('Procedure dba_indexDefragStandard_sp created.'
        , 10, 1);
END;
Go
 
SET ANSI_Nulls ON;
SET Ansi_Padding ON;
SET Ansi_Warnings ON;
SET ArithAbort ON;
SET Concat_Null_Yields_Null ON;
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET Numeric_RoundAbort OFF;
SET Quoted_Identifier ON;
Go
 
ALTER PROCEDURE dbo.dba_indexDefragStandard_sp
 
    /* Declare Parameters */
      @minFragmentation     FLOAT           = 10.0
        /* in percent, will not defrag if fragmentation
           less than specified */
    , @rebuildThreshold     FLOAT           = 30.0
        /* in percent, greater than @rebuildThreshold
           will result in rebuild instead of reorg */
    , @executeSQL           BIT             = 1
        /* 1 = execute; 0 = print command only */
    , @tableName            VARCHAR(4000)   = Null 
        /* Option to specify a table name */
    , @printCommands        BIT             = 0
        /* 1 = print commands; 0 = do not print commands */
    , @printFragmentation   BIT             = 0
        /* 1 = print fragmentation prior to defrag; 
           0 = do not print */
    , @defragDelay          CHAR(8)         = '00:00:05'
        /* time to wait between defrag commands */
AS
/********************************************************************
    Name:       dba_indexDefragStandard_sp
 
    Author:     Michelle F. Ufford
 
    Purpose:    Defrags all indexes for the current database
 
    Notes:      This script was designed for SQL Server 2005
                Standard edition.
 
    CAUTION: Monitor transaction log if executing for the first time!
 
      @minFragmentation     defaulted to 10%, will not defrag if
                            fragmentation if less than specified.
 
      @rebuildThreshold     defaulted to 30% as recommended by
                            Microsoft in BOL;
                            > than 30% will result in rebuild instead
 
      @executeSQL           1 = execute the SQL generated by this proc;
                            0 = print command only
 
      @tableName            Specify if you only want to defrag indexes
                            for a specific table
 
      @printCommands        1 = print commands to screen;
                            0 = do not print commands
 
      @printFragmentation   1 = print fragmentation to screen;
                            0 = do not print fragmentation
 
      @defragDelay          time to wait between defrag commands;
                            gives the server some time to catch up
 
    Called by:  SQL Agent Job or DBA
 
    Date        Initials  Description
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    2008-10-27  MFU       Initial Release
    2008-11-17  MFU       Added page_count to log table
                          , added @printFragmentation option
********************************************************************
    Exec dbo.dba_indexDefragStandard_sp
          @executeSQL         = 1
        , @printCommands      = 1
        , @minFragmentation   = 0
        , @printFragmentation = 1;
********************************************************************/
 
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET XACT_Abort ON;
 
BEGIN
 
    /* Declare our variables */
    DECLARE   @objectID         INT
            , @indexID          INT
            , @schemaName       NVARCHAR(130)
            , @objectName       NVARCHAR(130)
            , @indexName        NVARCHAR(130)
            , @fragmentation    FLOAT
            , @pageCount        INT
            , @sqlCommand       NVARCHAR(4000)
            , @rebuildCommand   NVARCHAR(200)
            , @dateTimeStart    DATETIME
            , @dateTimeEnd      DATETIME
            , @containsLOB      BIT;
 
    /* Just a little validation... */
    IF @minFragmentation Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
        SET @minFragmentation = 10.0;
 
    IF @rebuildThreshold Not Between 0.00 And 100.0
        SET @rebuildThreshold = 30.0;
 
    IF @defragDelay Not Like '00:[0-5][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]'
        SET @defragDelay = '00:00:05';
 
    /* Determine which indexes to defrag using our
       user-defined parameters */
    SELECT
          OBJECT_ID AS objectID
        , index_id AS indexID
        , avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS fragmentation
        , page_count 
        , 0 AS 'defragStatus'
            /* 0 = unprocessed, 1 = processed */
    INTO #indexDefragList
    FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats
        (DB_ID(), OBJECT_ID(@tableName), NULL , NULL, N'Limited')
    WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent > @minFragmentation
        And index_id > 0
    OPTION (MaxDop 1);
 
    /* Create a clustered index to boost performance a little */
    CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX CIX_temp_indexDefragList
        ON #indexDefragList(objectID, indexID);
 
    /* Begin our loop for defragging */
    WHILE (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #indexDefragList
            WHERE defragStatus = 0) > 0
    BEGIN
 
        /* Grab the most fragmented index first to defrag */
        SELECT TOP 1
              @objectID         = objectID
            , @fragmentation    = fragmentation
            , @indexID          = indexID
            , @pageCount        = page_count
        FROM #indexDefragList
        WHERE defragStatus = 0
        ORDER BY fragmentation DESC;
 
        /* Look up index information */
        SELECT @objectName = QUOTENAME(o.name)
             , @schemaName = QUOTENAME(s.name)
        FROM sys.objects AS o
        INNER Join sys.schemas AS s
            ON s.schema_id = o.schema_id
        WHERE o.OBJECT_ID = @objectID;
 
        SELECT @indexName = QUOTENAME(name)
        FROM sys.indexes
        WHERE OBJECT_ID = @objectID
            And index_id = @indexID
            And type > 0;
 
        /* Look for LOBs */
        SELECT TOP 1
            @containsLOB = column_id
        FROM sys.columns WITH (NOLOCK)
        WHERE 
            [OBJECT_ID] = @objectID
            And (system_type_id In (34, 35, 99)
            -- 34 = image, 35 = text, 99 = ntext
                    Or max_length = -1);
            -- varbinary(max), varchar(max), nvarchar(max), xml
 
        /* See if we should rebuild or reorganize; handle thusly */
        IF @fragmentation < @rebuildThreshold 
            Or IsNull(@containsLOB, 0) > 0 
            -- Cannot rebuild if the table has one or more LOB
            SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On '
                + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName + N' ReOrganize;'
        ELSE
            SET @sqlCommand = N'Alter Index ' + @indexName + N' On '
                + @schemaName + N'.' + @objectName +  ' Rebuild '
                + 'With (MaxDop = 1)'; -- minimize impact on server
 
        /* Are we executing the SQL?  If so, do it */
        IF @executeSQL = 1
        BEGIN
 
            /* Grab the time for logging purposes */
            SET @dateTimeStart  = GETDATE();
            EXECUTE (@sqlCommand);
            SET @dateTimeEnd  = GETDATE();
 
            /* Log our actions */
            INSERT INTO dbo.dba_indexDefragLog
            (
                  objectID
                , objectName
                , indexID
                , indexName
                , fragmentation
                , page_count
                , dateTimeStart
                , durationSeconds
            )
            SELECT
                  @objectID
                , @objectName
                , @indexID
                , @indexName
                , @fragmentation
                , @pageCount
                , @dateTimeStart
                , DATEDIFF(SECOND, @dateTimeStart, @dateTimeEnd);
 
            /* Just a little breather for the server */
            WAITFOR Delay @defragDelay;
 
            /* Print if specified to do so */
            IF @printCommands = 1
                PRINT N'Executed: ' + @sqlCommand;
        END
        ELSE
        /* Looks like we're not executing, just print
            the commands */
        BEGIN
            IF @printCommands = 1
                PRINT @sqlCommand;
        END
 
        /* Update our index defrag list when we've
            finished with that index */
        UPDATE #indexDefragList
        SET defragStatus = 1
        WHERE objectID  = @objectID
          And indexID   = @indexID;
 
    END
 
    /* Do we want to output our fragmentation results? */
    IF @printFragmentation = 1
        SELECT idl.objectID
            , o.name AS 'tableName'
            , idl.indexID
            , i.name AS 'indexName'
            , idl.fragmentation
            , idl.page_count
        FROM #indexDefragList AS idl
        JOIN sys.objects AS o
            ON idl.objectID = o.OBJECT_ID
        JOIN sys.indexes AS i
            ON idl.objectID = i.OBJECT_ID
            AND idl.indexID = i.index_id;
 
    /* When everything is done, make sure to get rid of
        our temp table */
    DROP TABLE #indexDefragList;
 
    SET NOCOUNT OFF;
    RETURN 0
END
Go

    EXEC dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
          @executeSQL    = 0
        , @printCommands = 1
        , @minFragmentation = 0
        , @printFragmentation = 1;

    EXEC dbo.dba_indexDefrag_sp
	      @executeSQL    = 0
        , @printCommands = 1
        , @printFragmentation = 1;

--------------------------------
-- Create A Partitioned Table --
--------------------------------
 
/* Create a partition function. */
CREATE Partition FUNCTION [test_monthlyDateRange_pf] (SMALLDATETIME) 
    AS Range RIGHT FOR VALUES 
    ('2008-01-01', '2008-02-01', '2008-03-01');
Go
 
/* Associate the partition function with a partition scheme. */
CREATE Partition Scheme test_monthlyDateRange_ps 
    AS Partition test_monthlyDateRange_pf 
    All TO ([PRIMARY]);
Go
 
/* Create your first partitioned table! 
   Make sure the data types match.  */
CREATE TABLE dbo.orders
(
      order_id  INT IDENTITY(1,1)   Not Null
    , orderDate SMALLDATETIME       Not Null
 
    CONSTRAINT PK_orders PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
    (
        orderDate
      , order_id
    )
) ON test_monthlyDateRange_ps(orderDate);
Go
 
/* Create some records to play with. */
INSERT INTO dbo.orders
SELECT '2007-12-31' UNION All
SELECT '2008-01-02' UNION All
SELECT '2008-01-03' UNION All
SELECT '2008-01-04' UNION All
SELECT '2008-02-01' UNION All
SELECT '2008-02-02' UNION All
SELECT '2008-03-01' UNION All
SELECT '2008-03-02';
 
/* The $partition function can be used to interrogate partition data.
   Let's use it to see where those records are physically located. */
SELECT $partition.test_monthlyDateRange_pf(orderDate) 
    AS 'partition_number'
    , *
FROM dbo.orders;
 
/* By default, all new indexes are created on the partition.
   Let's create an aligned index */
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_orders_aligned
    ON dbo.orders(order_id)
    ON test_monthlyDateRange_ps(orderDate);
 
/* Now let's create an un-aligned index.
   We'll need to specify the filegroup. */
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_orders_nonaligned
    ON dbo.orders(order_id)
    ON [PRIMARY]; -- can be any filegroup
 
/* Review your indexes */
EXECUTE SP_HELPINDEX orders;

--------------------------
-- Swap Out A Partition --
--------------------------
 
/* We need to drop our un-aligned index; otherwise we'll 
   get an error when we attempt to do the switch. */
DROP INDEX IX_orders_nonaligned ON dbo.orders;
 
/* Create the table to hold the data you're swapping out.
   The table structures must match identically; however, 
   DO NOT partition this table. */
CREATE TABLE dbo.orders_stage_swapOut
(
      order_id  INT             Not Null
    , orderDate SMALLDATETIME   Not Null
 
    CONSTRAINT PK_orders_stage_swapOut PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
    (
        orderDate
      , order_id
    )
) ON [PRIMARY];
Go
 
/* Create the table to hold the data you're swapping in.
   The table structures must match identically; however,
   DO NOT partition this table. */
CREATE TABLE dbo.orders_stage_swapIn
(
      order_id  INT             Not Null
    , orderDate SMALLDATETIME   Not Null
 
    CONSTRAINT PK_orders_stage_swapIn PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
    (
        orderDate
      , order_id
    )
) ON [PRIMARY];
Go
 
/* Populate the table you're swapping in. */
INSERT INTO dbo.orders_stage_swapIn
SELECT -5, '2008-02-02' UNION All
SELECT -4, '2008-02-03' UNION All
SELECT -3, '2008-02-04' UNION All
SELECT -2, '2008-02-05' UNION All
SELECT -1, '2008-02-06';
 
/* Create any indexes on your table to match the 
   indexes on your partitioned table. */
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_orders_stage_swapIn
    ON dbo.orders_stage_swapIn(order_id);
 
/* Add a check constraint for the 
   partition to be swapped in. 
   This step is required. */
ALTER TABLE dbo.orders_stage_swapIn
WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT orders_stage_swapIn_orderDateCK
	CHECK (orderDate >= '2008-02-01' 
		And orderDate < '2008-03-01');
Go
 
/* Swap out the old partition. */
ALTER TABLE dbo.orders 
    Switch Partition 3 TO dbo.orders_stage_swapOut;
Go
 
/* Swap in the new partition. */
ALTER TABLE dbo.orders_stage_swapIn
    Switch TO dbo.orders Partition 3;
Go
 
---------------------
-- Check your data --
---------------------
 
/* You should have 2 records in here. */
SELECT * FROM dbo.orders_stage_swapOut;
 
/* You should have 5 records here. */
SELECT * 
FROM dbo.orders
WHERE orderDate >= '2008-02-01' 
And orderDate < '2008-03-01';
 
/* There should be no records in this table. */
SELECT * FROM dbo.orders_stage_swapIn;
 
SELECT $partition.test_monthlyDateRange_pf(orderDate) 
    AS 'partition_number'
    , *
FROM dbo.orders;
 
/* Clean-up time!
Drop Table dbo.orders
Drop Table dbo.orders_stage_swapOut
Drop Table dbo.orders_stage_swapIn
Drop Partition Scheme test_monthlyDateRange_ps
Drop Partition Function [test_monthlyDateRange_pf]
*/